1.“修訂”、“修正”譯文的統(tǒng)一
法規(guī)和規(guī)章經(jīng)常會(huì)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況進(jìn)行修訂或修正。修訂是指法規(guī)規(guī)章的全面修改(包括實(shí)質(zhì)性內(nèi)容和非實(shí)質(zhì)性內(nèi)容的修改),以及法規(guī)規(guī)章名稱和體例需作變動(dòng)、修改量較大的修改。修正是指對(duì)法規(guī)規(guī)章的某些內(nèi)容進(jìn)行實(shí)質(zhì)性的修改,但法規(guī)規(guī)章名稱和體例不作變動(dòng)且修改量比較小的修改[①]。在目前的法律翻譯中,這兩個(gè)詞經(jīng)常被不加區(qū)分地譯為amend或revise。根據(jù)Black’s Law Dictionary,amend的意思是1. to make right; to correct or rectify; 2. to change the wording of; specifically, to alter (a statute, constitution, etc.) formally by adding or deleting a provision or by modifying the wording。而根據(jù)《新牛津英漢雙解大詞典》,revise的意思是to reconsider and alter (something) in the light of further evidence; to re-examine and make alterations to (written or printed matter)。在Black’s Law Dictionary中, revised statutes被解釋為:laws that have been collected, arranged and reenacted as a whole by a legislative body。由此可以看出,“amend”指通過(guò)增加或刪除條款或更改措辭而修正法律,強(qiáng)調(diào)小修小補(bǔ),力圖在原有基礎(chǔ)上完善,是局部的修正;“revise”是指立法機(jī)關(guān)對(duì)法律進(jìn)行匯集、調(diào)整并將其作為整體重新制定,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是全局的調(diào)整。為了今后翻譯的統(tǒng)一性和延續(xù)性,現(xiàn)決定將“修訂”統(tǒng)一譯為“revise”,“修正”統(tǒng)一譯為“amend”。
2.法規(guī)、規(guī)章的修正題注翻譯格式的統(tǒng)一
法規(guī)、規(guī)章的修正題注是指法規(guī)、規(guī)章標(biāo)題下面標(biāo)明修正的機(jī)關(guān)、修正的時(shí)間和修正的次數(shù)并用括號(hào)括起來(lái)的部分。修正題注是為了表明法律修正的合法性和時(shí)效性,是法律名稱的補(bǔ)充和法規(guī)規(guī)章的有機(jī)組成部分。在修正題注的中文文本中,若法規(guī)、規(guī)章只經(jīng)歷過(guò)一次修正,往往將發(fā)布時(shí)間與修正之間用逗號(hào)隔開;若法規(guī)、規(guī)章經(jīng)歷過(guò)兩次或兩次以上的修正,則將發(fā)布時(shí)間與第一次修正之間以及每?jī)纱涡拚g用一個(gè)空格間隔開來(lái)。在當(dāng)前的翻譯和譯審實(shí)踐中,修正題注中的修正時(shí)間及修正次數(shù)的翻譯和它們的位置安排有時(shí)不盡相同:有的將發(fā)布時(shí)間與第一次修正之間以及每?jī)纱涡拚g用分號(hào)或逗號(hào)隔開,有的用一個(gè)或兩個(gè)空格隔開,有的用and連接,F(xiàn)決定,在修正題注的英譯文中,無(wú)論法規(guī)、規(guī)章經(jīng)過(guò)一次或多次修正,都統(tǒng)一用分號(hào)將發(fā)布時(shí)間與修正之間以及每?jī)纱涡拚g用分號(hào)隔開。其翻譯格式和用詞統(tǒng)一如下例。
原文:
上海市河道管理?xiàng)l例
(1997年12月11日上海市第十屆人民代表大會(huì)常務(wù)委員會(huì)第四十次會(huì)議通過(guò) 根據(jù)2003年10月10日上海市第十二屆人民代表大會(huì)常務(wù)委員會(huì)第七次會(huì)議《關(guān)于修改<上海市河道管理?xiàng)l例>的決定》第一次修正 根據(jù)2006年6月22日上海市第十二屆人民代表大會(huì)常務(wù)委員會(huì)第二十八次會(huì)議《關(guān)于修改<上海市河道管理?xiàng)l例>的決定》第二次修正)
譯文:
Regulations of Shanghai Municipality on the Administration of Waters
(Adopted at the 40th Session of the Standing Committee of the 10th Shanghai Municipal People’s Congress on December 11, 1997; amended for the first time in accordance with the “Decision on the Amendment of the ‘Regulations of Shanghai Municipality on the Administration of Waters’” Made at the 7th Session of the Standing Committee of the 12th Shanghai Municipal People’s Congress on October 10, 2003; amended for the second time in accordance with the “Decision on the Amendment of the ‘Regulations of Shanghai Municipality on the Administration of Waters’” Made at the 28th Session of the Standing Committee of the 12th Shanghai Municipal People’s Congress on June 22, 2006)
法規(guī)和規(guī)章經(jīng)常會(huì)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況進(jìn)行修訂或修正。修訂是指法規(guī)規(guī)章的全面修改(包括實(shí)質(zhì)性內(nèi)容和非實(shí)質(zhì)性內(nèi)容的修改),以及法規(guī)規(guī)章名稱和體例需作變動(dòng)、修改量較大的修改。修正是指對(duì)法規(guī)規(guī)章的某些內(nèi)容進(jìn)行實(shí)質(zhì)性的修改,但法規(guī)規(guī)章名稱和體例不作變動(dòng)且修改量比較小的修改[①]。在目前的法律翻譯中,這兩個(gè)詞經(jīng)常被不加區(qū)分地譯為amend或revise。根據(jù)Black’s Law Dictionary,amend的意思是1. to make right; to correct or rectify; 2. to change the wording of; specifically, to alter (a statute, constitution, etc.) formally by adding or deleting a provision or by modifying the wording。而根據(jù)《新牛津英漢雙解大詞典》,revise的意思是to reconsider and alter (something) in the light of further evidence; to re-examine and make alterations to (written or printed matter)。在Black’s Law Dictionary中, revised statutes被解釋為:laws that have been collected, arranged and reenacted as a whole by a legislative body。由此可以看出,“amend”指通過(guò)增加或刪除條款或更改措辭而修正法律,強(qiáng)調(diào)小修小補(bǔ),力圖在原有基礎(chǔ)上完善,是局部的修正;“revise”是指立法機(jī)關(guān)對(duì)法律進(jìn)行匯集、調(diào)整并將其作為整體重新制定,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是全局的調(diào)整。為了今后翻譯的統(tǒng)一性和延續(xù)性,現(xiàn)決定將“修訂”統(tǒng)一譯為“revise”,“修正”統(tǒng)一譯為“amend”。
2.法規(guī)、規(guī)章的修正題注翻譯格式的統(tǒng)一
法規(guī)、規(guī)章的修正題注是指法規(guī)、規(guī)章標(biāo)題下面標(biāo)明修正的機(jī)關(guān)、修正的時(shí)間和修正的次數(shù)并用括號(hào)括起來(lái)的部分。修正題注是為了表明法律修正的合法性和時(shí)效性,是法律名稱的補(bǔ)充和法規(guī)規(guī)章的有機(jī)組成部分。在修正題注的中文文本中,若法規(guī)、規(guī)章只經(jīng)歷過(guò)一次修正,往往將發(fā)布時(shí)間與修正之間用逗號(hào)隔開;若法規(guī)、規(guī)章經(jīng)歷過(guò)兩次或兩次以上的修正,則將發(fā)布時(shí)間與第一次修正之間以及每?jī)纱涡拚g用一個(gè)空格間隔開來(lái)。在當(dāng)前的翻譯和譯審實(shí)踐中,修正題注中的修正時(shí)間及修正次數(shù)的翻譯和它們的位置安排有時(shí)不盡相同:有的將發(fā)布時(shí)間與第一次修正之間以及每?jī)纱涡拚g用分號(hào)或逗號(hào)隔開,有的用一個(gè)或兩個(gè)空格隔開,有的用and連接,F(xiàn)決定,在修正題注的英譯文中,無(wú)論法規(guī)、規(guī)章經(jīng)過(guò)一次或多次修正,都統(tǒng)一用分號(hào)將發(fā)布時(shí)間與修正之間以及每?jī)纱涡拚g用分號(hào)隔開。其翻譯格式和用詞統(tǒng)一如下例。
原文:
上海市河道管理?xiàng)l例
(1997年12月11日上海市第十屆人民代表大會(huì)常務(wù)委員會(huì)第四十次會(huì)議通過(guò) 根據(jù)2003年10月10日上海市第十二屆人民代表大會(huì)常務(wù)委員會(huì)第七次會(huì)議《關(guān)于修改<上海市河道管理?xiàng)l例>的決定》第一次修正 根據(jù)2006年6月22日上海市第十二屆人民代表大會(huì)常務(wù)委員會(huì)第二十八次會(huì)議《關(guān)于修改<上海市河道管理?xiàng)l例>的決定》第二次修正)
譯文:
Regulations of Shanghai Municipality on the Administration of Waters
(Adopted at the 40th Session of the Standing Committee of the 10th Shanghai Municipal People’s Congress on December 11, 1997; amended for the first time in accordance with the “Decision on the Amendment of the ‘Regulations of Shanghai Municipality on the Administration of Waters’” Made at the 7th Session of the Standing Committee of the 12th Shanghai Municipal People’s Congress on October 10, 2003; amended for the second time in accordance with the “Decision on the Amendment of the ‘Regulations of Shanghai Municipality on the Administration of Waters’” Made at the 28th Session of the Standing Committee of the 12th Shanghai Municipal People’s Congress on June 22, 2006)