21世紀(jì)議程 Agenda 21 （the international plan of action adopted by governments in 1992 in Rio de Janeiro Brazil（巴西里約）, - provides the global consensus on the road map towards sustainable development）

    世界環(huán)境日 World Environment Day (June 5th each year)

    世界環(huán)境日主題 World Environment Day Themes

    環(huán)境千年-行動起來吧！（2000） The Environment Millennium - Time to Act！

    拯救地球就是拯救未來�。�1999） Our Earth - Our Future - Just Save It!

    為了地球上的生命-拯救我們的海洋!（1998）For Life on Earth - Save Our Seas!

    為了地球上的生命（1997） For Life on Earth

    我們的地球、居住地、家園（1996） Our Earth, Our Habitat, Our Home

    國際生物多樣性日 International Biodiversity Day (29 December)

    世界水日 World Water Day (22 March)

    世界氣象日 World Meteorological Day(23 March)

    世界海洋日 World Oceans Day (8 June )

    聯(lián)合國環(huán)境與發(fā)展大會（環(huán)發(fā)大會） United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED)

    環(huán)發(fā)大會首腦會議 Summit Session of UNCED

    聯(lián)合國環(huán)境規(guī)劃署 United Nations Environment Programs （UNEP）

    2000年全球環(huán)境展望報告 GEO-2000; Global Environmental Outlook 2000

    入選“全球500佳獎” be elected to the rank of Global 500 Roll of Honor 

    聯(lián)合國人類居住中心 UN Center for Human Settlements (UNCHS)

    改善人類居住環(huán)境最佳范例獎 Best Practices in Human Settlements Improvement

    人與生物圈方案 Man and Biosphere (MAB) Programme (UNESCO)

    中國21世紀(jì)議程 China’s Agenda 21

    中國生物多樣性保護行動計劃 China Biological Diversity Protection Action Plan

    中國跨世紀(jì)綠色工程規(guī)劃 China Trans-Century Green Project Plan

    國家環(huán)境保護總局 State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA)

    中國環(huán)�；�本方針 China’s guiding principles for environmental protection

    堅持環(huán)境保護基本國策 adhere to the basic state policy of environmental protection

    推行可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略 pursue the strategy of sustainable development

    貫徹經(jīng)濟建設(shè)、城鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)、環(huán)境建設(shè)同步規(guī)劃、同步實施、同步發(fā)展（三同步）的方針 

    carry out a strategy of synchronized planning, implementation and development in terms of economic and urban and rural development and environmental protection (the “three synchronizes” principle)

    促進經(jīng)濟體制和經(jīng)濟增長方式的轉(zhuǎn)變 promote fundamental shifts in the economic system and mode of economic growth

    實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟效益、社會效益和環(huán)境效益的統(tǒng)一 bring about harmony of economic returns and contribution to society and environmental protection

    中國環(huán)�；�本政策 the basic policies of China’s environmental protection

    預(yù)防為主、防治結(jié)合的政策 policy of prevention in the first place and integrating prevention with control

    污染者負(fù)擔(dān)的政策 “the-polluters-pay” policy

    強化環(huán)境管理的政策 policy of tightening up environmental management

    一控雙達標(biāo)政策 policy of “One Order, Two Goals”: 

    “一控”：12種工業(yè)污染物的排放量控制在國家規(guī)定的排放總量 

    The total discharge of 12 industrial pollutants in China by the end of 2000 shall not exceed the total amount mandated by the central government.; 

    “雙達標(biāo)”： 1. 到2000年底，全國所有的工業(yè)污染源要達到國家或地方規(guī)定的污染物排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 

    The discharge of industrial pollutants should meet both national and local standards by the end of 2000. 

    2. 到2000年底，47個重點城市的空氣和地面水達到國家規(guī)定的環(huán)境質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 

    2. Air and surface water quality in all urban districts in 47 major cities should meet related national standards by the end of 2000.

    對新項目實行環(huán)境影響評估 

    conduct environmental impact assessments (EIA) on start-up projects

    提高全民環(huán)保意識 raise environmental awareness amongst the general public

    查處違反環(huán)保法規(guī)案件 investigate and punish acts of violating laws and regulations on environmental protection

    環(huán)保執(zhí)法檢查 environmental protection law enforcement inspection

    限期治理 undertake treatment within a prescribed limit of time

    中國已加入的國際公約 international conventions into which China has accessed 

    控制危險廢物越境轉(zhuǎn)移及其處置的巴塞爾公約 

    Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal

    關(guān)于消耗臭氧層物質(zhì)的蒙特利爾議定書 Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer

    生物多樣性公約 Convention on Biological Diversity

    防治荒漠化國際公約 Convention to Combat Desertification

    氣候變化框架公約 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

    生態(tài)示范區(qū) eco-demonstration region; environment-friendly region

    國家級生態(tài)示范區(qū)（珠海） Nationally Designated Eco-Demonstration Region

    國家級園林城市 Nationally Designated Garden City

    對水質(zhì)和空氣質(zhì)量的影響 impact on the quality of the water and the air

    治理環(huán)境污染 curb environmental pollution; bring the pollution under control 

    海藻 mostly in polluted waters)

    工業(yè)固體廢物 industrial solid wastes

    白色污染 white pollution (by using and littering of non-degradable white plastics)

    可降解一次性塑料袋 throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags

    放射性廢料積存 accumulation of radioactive waste

    有機污染物 organic pollutants 

    氰化物、 砷、汞排放 cyanide, arsenic, mercury discharged 

    鉛、鎘、六價鉻 lead, cadmium, sexivalent chromium

    城市垃圾無害化處理率 decontamination rate of urban refuse

    垃圾填埋場 refuse landfill

    垃圾焚化廠 refuse incinerator

    防止過度利用森林 protect forests from overexploitation

    森林砍伐率 rate of deforestation

    水土流失 water and soil erosion

    土壤鹽堿化 soil alkalization

    農(nóng)藥殘留 pesticide residue

    水土保持 conservation of water and soil

    生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè) environment-friendly agriculture; eco-agriculture

    水資源保護區(qū) water resource conservation zone

    海水淡化 sea water desalinization 

    保護珊瑚礁、紅樹林和漁業(yè)資源 protect coral reefs, mangrove and fishing resource

    綠化祖國 turn the country green

    全民義務(wù)植樹日 National Tree-Planting Day

    造林工程 afforestation project

    綠化面積 afforested areas; greening space

    森林覆蓋率 forest coverage

    防風(fēng)林 wind breaks （防沙林 sand breaks）

    速生林 fast-growing trees 

    降低資源消耗率 slow down the rate of resource degradation

    開發(fā)可再生資源 develop renewable resources

    環(huán)保產(chǎn)品 environment-friendly products

    自然保護區(qū) nature reserve

    野生動植物 wild fauna and flora

    保護生存環(huán)境 conserve natural habitats

    瀕危野生動物 endangered wildlife

    珍稀瀕危物種繁育基地 rare and endangered species breeding center

    自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng) natural ecosystems

    防止沙漠化（治沙、抗沙） desertification

    環(huán)境負(fù)荷 carrying capacity of environment

    三廢綜合利用 multipurpose use of three types of wastes

    先天與后天，遺傳與環(huán)境 nature-nurture
    
    美化環(huán)境 landscaping design for environmental purposes

    防止沿海地帶不可逆轉(zhuǎn)惡化 protect coastal zones from irreversible degradation

    環(huán)境惡化 environmental degradation

    城市化失控 uncontrolled urbanization

    溫飽型農(nóng)業(yè) subsistence agriculture

    貧困的惡性循環(huán) vicious cycle of poverty

    大氣監(jiān)測系統(tǒng) atmospheric monitoring system

    空氣污染濃度 air pollution concentration

    酸雨、越境空氣污染 acid rain and transboundary air pollution

    二氧化硫排放 sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions

    懸浮顆粒物 suspended particles 

    工業(yè)粉塵排放 industrial dust discharged

    煙塵排放 soot emissions

    二氧化氮 nitrate dioxide (NO2)

    礦物燃料（煤、石油、天然氣） fossil fuels: coal, oil, and natural gas

    清潔能源 clean energy

    汽車尾氣排放 motor vehicle exhaust

    尾氣凈化器 exhaust purifier

    無鉛汽油 lead-free gasoline

    天然氣汽車 gas-fueled vehicles

    電動汽車 cell-driven vehicles; battery cars

    氯氟烴 CFCs

    溫室效應(yīng) greenhouse effect

    厄爾尼諾南徊 ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillation)

    噪音 noise （分貝 db; decibel）

    化學(xué)需氧量（衡量水污染程度的一個指標(biāo)） COD；chemical oxygen demand

    生物需氧量 BOD; biological oxygen demand

    工業(yè)廢水處理率 treatment rate of industrial effluents

    城市污水處理率 treatment rate of domestic sewage

    集中處理廠 centralized treatment plant

    紅潮 red tide (rapid propagation of sea algae